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| CLINICAL RESEARCH |
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| Year : 2013 | Volume
: 34
| Issue : 2 | Page : 174-179 |
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Effect of Shalmalyadilepa and Guduchyadivati in the management of Yauvanapidika (Acne)
Piyush V Pampaniya1, Darshana H Pandya2
1 Medical Officer, Department of Indian System of Medicine and Homeopathy, Government Ayurveda Dispensary, Umarethi, Talala, Junagadh, India
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Roga Nidana and Vikriti Vijnana, Institute for Post Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
| Date of Web Publication | 10-Oct-2013 |
Correspondence Address:
Darshana H Pandya
Assistant Professor, Department of Roga Nidana and Vikriti Vijnana, Institute for Post Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/0974-8520.119673
 Abstract | | |
Acne is a common skin problem that affects almost 85% of teenagers, mostly occurs on face and some time on chest and upper back too. This condition resembles with Yauvanapidika described in Ayurveda under the caption of Kshudraroga. In this study, 50 patients with symptoms of Yauvanapidika were treated in two groups. In Group A, patients were given local application of Shalmalyadilepa twice a day with milk, while in Group B patients were given 2 gm of Guduchyadivati thrice along with local application of Shalmalyadilepa. At the end of treatment, Group B showed better improvement in comparison to Group A. Keywords: Acne, Guduchyadivati, Shalmalyadilepa, Yauvanapidika
How to cite this article:
Pampaniya PV, Pandya DH. Effect of Shalmalyadilepa and Guduchyadivati in the management of Yauvanapidika (Acne). AYU 2013;34:174-9 |
| Introduction | |  |
Face is considered as an important part of the body as far as beauty and look is concerned. Hence, everyone in general and youngsters in particular are very cautious about beauty of their face. Yauvanapidika (acne) is such a condition that disfigures the face during adolescent to younger age. If the condition remains untreated, it leaves permanent scars over the face.
The disease Yauvanapidika occurs due to vitiation of Kapha, Vata, and Rakta.[1] Swabhava (natural status) has also been considered as one of the causative factors.[2] Though the Tarunyaavastha (adolescent period) is the age for Shukra pradurbhava (manifestation of Shukra Dhatu) and Sharangadhara has mentioned Vaktre Snigdhata (unctuousness on face) and Pidika (boil) formation on face as Mala (waste product) of Shukra Dhatu. [3] So, development of the acne in this age is obvious. Charaka has described second half of Balyaavastha as Vivardhamanaavastha (growing period) for all Dhatus and Anavasthita Chittatva (unstable mind). [4] This indicates a specific phase of life cycle, where Dhatu maturation is going on and for the same, secretion of various growth hormones definitely took place. Imbalanced hormonal levels play a key role in development of various diseases.
According to modern medical science, acne is a chronic inflammatory condition of the pilo sebaceous units, characterized by the formation of comedones, erythematic papules and pustules, less frequently nodules or cysts too. [5] It occurs due to colonization of microbial flora (p. acne) and imbalance status of androgen like hormones. Excessive sweating, constipation, and stress are also considered as the aggravating factors.
To treat, modern medical science suggests hormonal therapy, antibiotics, and some surgical or para-surgical measures. As these measures have certain limitations, alternatives are being searched for significant relief. Herbal formulations that purify blood, check the status of Kapha and Pitta can be used safely in the condition for longer duration.
Taking into consideration of the above facts, present study was planned to evaluate the effect of Shalmalyadilepa and Guduchyadivati in Yauvanapidika as Shamana therapy.
| Materials and Methods | | |
Selection of patients
Total 50 patients with symptoms of Yauvanapidika, fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected from O.P.D. of IPGT and RA Hospital, Jamnagar, and grouped into two groups. Ethical clearance was obtained from Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) prior to starting the study.
Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Patients of 15 to 30 years of age with signs and symptoms of Yauvanapidika were included in the study. Yauvanapidika due to other systemic diseases like Prameha, Masurika etc., were excluded.
Diagnostic criteria
Patients having cardinal symptoms of the disease like Pidika on face, and/or chest-upper back including Medogarbhatva, Ruja, Daha, Paka, Srava, etc.
Investigations
Routine hematological and urine routine and microscopic investigations were carried out before starting the treatment to exclude other systemic pathologies, if any.
| Drugs and Posology | | |
Poly-herbal formulations, Shalmalyadilepa for external application and Guduchyadivati for oral administration were selected in the present study.
The Lepa was prepared from the herbs as mentioned in Chakradatta Kshudrarogadhikara and said to be useful in Yauvanapidika. The formulation composition includes Shalmali (Salmalia malabarica DC.) thorn, Vata (Ficus bengalensis Linn.) buds, Jaatiphala (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) fruits, Lodhra (Symplocos racemosa Roxb.) bark, Masoora (Lens culinaris Medic) seed, and Raktachandana (Pterocarpus santalinus Linn.) stem.
As vitiation of Pitta, Kapha and Rakta is considered in the development of acne, a formulation that can purify blood and check aggravated Kapha and Pitta will be beneficial. Taking in to consideration, Guduchyadivati containing powders of Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia Willd.) stem, Manjistha (Rubia cordifolia Linn.) root, and Krishnasariva (Hemidesmus indicus) root in equal proportion was chosen for the present study.
Group A patients were advised to apply Shalmalyadilepa twice a day with milk over affected area of the face. It was advised to remove the lepa immediately after getting dried.
Group B patients were administered four tablets (500 mg each) of Guduchyadivati thrice a day with water along with local application of Shalmalyadilepa. Duration of the study was one month in both the groups. Follow-up was done for one month.
Pathya apathya
All the patients of the study were explained Pathya and Apathya (do's and don'ts) of the disease and advised to follow it.
Criteria for assessment
The result was assessed on the basis of specially prepared proforma and scoring pattern designed for each symptom.
Scoring pattern
Overall effect of therapy
Total effect of therapy was assessed considering overall improvement in signs and symptoms based on below criteria.
Statistical analysis
Statistical analysis was carried out by Students "t" test and comparison of both the groups was carried out by paired "t0" test. The result was interpreted at P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.001 as level of significance.
Patients' status
Total 50 patients were registered into two groups (25 in each group), out of those three patients from each group discontinued the treatment due to their personnel reasons and rest 44 (22 in each group) completed the treatment.
Observations
Maximum (78%) of patients were from age group between 15 to 20 years. Observations reveal dominance of male gender (56%) of hindu religion (92%) from urban locality (84%) and from middle financial status (84%). Maximum (68%) patients had Pitta Kapha Prakriti and 90% of patients found Rajasa Prakriti. Majority (60%) of the enrolled patients were of Avara Satva. Madhyama Sara and Samhanana was observed in 58% and 76% of patients respectively. About 66% of the patients had a habit of Ratrijagarana (awakening in nights) while Diwaswapa (day sleep) was observed in 42% of patients. Mandagni (impaired digestive power) was observed in 64% of patients, while 76% of patients had a habit of Virudhdhashana followed by Adhyashana in 60% of patients. Amla and Madhura Rasa dominant diet was preferred by 94% and 86% of patients respectively. Guru and Snigdha predominant diet (like Dadhi, Pishtanna, etc.) was preferred by more than 70% of the patients. Total 88% of patients had history of alternate exposure to cold and heat during their working. All registered patients had Dushti of Raktavaha srotas while Swedavaha Sroto Dushti was found in 78% of patients. Around 50% of the female patients had noticed aggravation of Pidika during premenstrual period. Pidika and Medogarbhatva were observed in all the registered patients, while Shotha had in 98% patients and Vaivarnya in 88% of patients. Paka and Vedana were complained by 84% patients. 78% and 76% of patients were suffering from Kandu and Daha respectively; Srava was found in 70% of the patients. All the registered patients had involvement of face, out of those 68% of patients had involvement of upper chest and/or back, while 58% patients were having involvement of upper back along with face. Total 54% of patients were having Kapha dominant symptoms like Gaurava, Kandu, etc., while 32% having Pitta dominant symptoms like Daha, Raga, Aushnya, etc.
Effect of therapy
The data shows that after completion of therapy in Group A, patients got positive improvement on Medogarbhtva and Daha by 62.50% and 83.33% respectively. Pidika was relieved by 54.17%. Number of Pidika and Srava were relieved by 52.94% and 45.45% respectively. Shotha was reduced by 39.29%. 34.48% improvement was observed in Vranavastu i.e., scar. Relief in all the symptoms found statistically highly significant (P < 0.001) [Table 1].
In Group B, Kandu was relieved by 94.74%, Vedana and Shotha were reduced by 85.71% and 82.35% respectively. Srava was reduced by 80% where as Paka and Vaivarnya (discoloration) were reduced by 79.31% and 78.13% respectively. Medogarbhtva and area occupied by Pidika were reduced by 71.11% and 66% respectively. The improvement was highly significant (P < 0.001) except Vranavastu which remain significant (P < 0.05) [Table 2]. | Table 2: Effect of Shalmalyadilepa and Guduchyadivati on chief complaints
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The effect on Rasavaha and Swedavaha sroto dushti was found to be highly significant in Group A, while Group B showed highly significant effect on all the three srotodushti (Rasa, Rakta, and Swedavaha srotas) [Table 3] and [Table 4]. | Table 4: Effect of Shalmalyadilepa and Guduchyadivati on Sroto dushti Lakshana
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The images of [Figure 1], [Figure 2], [Figure 3], [Figure 4], [Figure 5] and [Figure 6] show effect of the treatment in one of the patients of Group B.
Overall effect of therapy
The observations reveal that, no patient had complete cure in both the groups. Total 50% patients had marked improvement in Group B while in Group A it was 13.64%. Moderate improvement was observed in 40.91% in Group B while in Group A, it was 31.82%. Mild improvement was observed in 9.09% of patients in Group B while in Group A, it was 50%. No one patient remain unchanged in Group B while in Group A it was 4.55% [Table 5].
Probable mode of action
Shalmalyadilepa
Ingredients of Shalmalyadilepa are Laghu Guna brings about Lekhana and Vrana Ropana. [6] Ruksha Guna has property of Kharata and Stambhana. [7] Kharata is expected to relieve symptoms of Medogarbhatva. Madhura Rasa is Kshina kshata sandhana kara. [8] Hence, it improves wound healing, and in this way it reduces Vranavastu (scar). Kapha-Pitta Shamaka property of Shalmalyadilepa, relieves Daha and Kapha dominating symptoms like Kandu, Medogarbhatva, Shotha, etc.
Gudoochyadivati
Guduchayadivati possess Madhura, Tikta, Kashaya Rasa with dominancy of Guru, Snigdha Guna, and combination of Ushna and Sheeta Virya drugs exhibiting Tridosha shamaka property thereby exerts curative action on Daha and Vrana. Tikta Rasa has property of Deepana and Pachana, which potentiates Jatharagni and Dhatvagni, and in this way it reduces the formation of Ama resulting in arresting of progression in Dhatu shaithilya. Madhura Rasa by its Prasadana and Varnakara property improves fairness of the skin. Due to predominance of Ushna Virya in the composition of Guduchyadivati brings about pacification of Vata Dosha and relieves symptoms like Vedana and also improves Dhatvagni. Guduchi and Sariva having properties of Tridoshahara while Manjishtha is Vata kapha shamaka. Hence, collectively all these drugs may act on Pitta and may have shown improvement in Raktavaha Sroto Dushti Lakshana.
| Conclusion | | |
Yauvanapidika, generally appears between 15 to 20 years, the age of adolescent to younger hood, but it may appear even at the age of 30 years too. Male individuals, who are dominant with Kapha Pitta Prakriti are more prone to this condition. Kapha, Pitta, Rasa, and Rakta are the involved dosha and dushya in this condition. Hence, local along with internal medications is required to check the pathogenesis. In the current study, Shalmalyadilepa along with Guduchyadivati (Group B) has shown better effect than only external application of Shalmalyadilepa. As the condition is Yapya, in order to obtain good results, the duration of the therapy may be increased.
| References | | |
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| 3. | Sharangadhara, Sharangadhara Samhita Uttarakhanda, 11/15, edited by Dr. Brahmanand Tripathi, Varanasi: Chaukhambha Surabharti Prakashan; 1999.
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| 5. | Champion RH. Disorders of the Sebaceous Glands. Burton JL, Burns DA, editors. Textbook of Dermatology. 6 th ed. UK: Blackwell Science Ltd.; 1998. p. 1717.
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| 6. | Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita, Sutra sthana, 46/525, Edited by Vaidya. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, 9 th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia; 2007.
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| 7. | Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita, Sutra sthana, 46/523, Edited by Vaidya. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya. 9 th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia; 2007.
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| 8. | Agnivesha, Charak, Dridhabala, CharakaSamhita, Sutrasthana, 26/43, edited by Vd. Yadavaji Trikamaji Acharya, 4 th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Surabharati Publications; 1994.
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[Figure 1], [Figure 2], [Figure 3], [Figure 4], [Figure 5], [Figure 6]
[Table 1], [Table 2], [Table 3], [Table 4], [Table 5]
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