Scoparia dulcis Linn (Family: Scrophulariaceae, Sinhala: Wal koththamalli, Sanskrit: Unknown) is a perennial herb, growing in many tropical countries including Sri Lanka. In Sri Lankan traditional medicine, it is used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and in unspecified urinary diseases. Therefore, we thought it may possess Stambhana guna. If it has Stambhana properties, then it should impair mobility and flow of body fluids and thereby, induce Stambhana Kriya in Mutravaha Srotas (Antidiuretic action), Stambhana Kriya in Raktavaha Srotas (Haemostatic action) and Stambhana Kriya in Annavaha Srotas (Antidiarrhoeal action). The aim of this study was, therefore, to evaluate whether the decoction of S. dulcis (using several concentrations) possess antidiuretic action (using hydrated assay technique), haemostatic action (using Lee and White method) and antidiarrhoeal action (using castor oil induced diarrhoea) in rats, following oral administration. The results showed that decoction of S. dulcis possess marked antidiuretic (Stambhana Kriya in Mutravaha Srotas), blood clotting (Stambhana Kriya in Raktavaha Srotas) and antidiarrhoeal actions (Stambhana Kriya in Annavaha Srotas). Further, no toxic effects (in terms of overt signs of clinical toxicity, stress, behavioural abnormalities, hepatic or renal toxicity) were evident with subchronic administration of the decoction. It is concluded that Scoparia dulcis has Stambhana property as expected, and may be used in the treatment of Prameha (polyuria), Rakta Pitta (bleeding from different parts of the body) and Atisara (diarrhoea).

Commonly word Udara is used for abdomen and Vata for Vata Dosha. Here, the term Udara Vata is used for Prakupita Vata in Udara. Means Udara Vata term is used for flatulence predominant condition. However, Udavarta terminology is very wide, hence it should not be used for the flatulence like common presentation. Hence Udara Vata has been studied under the broad term of Udavarta. Total 74 patients were registered in this study under two groups. In Group-A (treated group) 31 patients completed full course of treatment, were given Yavanikadi Vati 1g twice a day (2 tab b.d., Each tablet of 500mg) in Adhobhaktakala, with water for 1 month. In Group-B (control group), 30 patients have completed course. These patients were given Shankha Vati. Dose, Duration & Kala was same as in Group-A. Better therapeutic response has been observed in Udgara Bahulya (73.86%), Adhmana (74.32%), Shirah shoola (79.69%), Adhovata Sanga (62.26%) with highly significant relief in Group-A. Comparison of the therapies showed that overall better results observed in both groups but percentage improvement in Group A was better than Group B.

Ayurveda is not merely a compendium of therapeutics based on herbal, animal and mineral resources of medicament but deals with philosophy of life and living. According to Ayurveda concept we do not treat the symptoms, always the disease pathogenesis is given importance. Only when a pathogenesis is controlled, The disease will be subsided. Charaka and Vagbhata primarily classified the treatment procedure as follows ; 1. Daivavyapasraya (Divine therapy or Treatment by faith). 2. Yukthivyapasraya (scientific therapy or treatment upon reasoning). 3. Sattvavajaya (Psycho therapy - treatment by self control).In Daivavyapasraya, Daiva has been used in the sense of karmas, which are related to our previous life. Daivavyapasraya method creates confidence and removes the fearing and pessimistic tendencies. The following treatment in the shape of good deeds is recommended for disease caused by Daiva "Mantra, Aushadha, Mani, Mangala, Bali, Upahara, Homa, Niyama, Prayaschitha, Upavasa, Swasthyayana Pranipata and Yathragamana.The word Mantra literally means revealed sound. It means a sound or a combinations or sequence of sound developed spontaneously. Their power is not in the words themselves but in the sound vibrations created when they are uttered verbally. The source of Mantra power is twofold:1. Pertaining to its form. 2. To its content. The structure of Gayatri Mantra is in perfect tune with the science of cosmic sound. The great significance of Japa is not due to chance, or without any firm basis. Had it been so, such a large number of devotees and yogis of the Gayatri sadhana would not have been advised to waste time in practicing more and more japa for longer and longer durations.

This research is carried out with the aim to study anti depressant and anxiolytic effect of Brahmi ghrita, which comprises Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri Linn),Vacha (Acorus calamus Linn),Shankhapushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis Chois) and Kushtha (Saussurea lappa C.B.Clarke) processed in cow's ghee. Brahmi, which is the main ingredient of the formulation, is proven for its Tranquilizing, Smooth muscle relaxant, Nootropic, Nerve tonic, Adoptogenic, Anti stress, Anxiolytic, Anti depressant, Memory booster, learning facilitator effects. Vacha has sedative, analgesic and tranquilizing effects. Kushtha shows anticytotoxic, diuretic, hypolipidemic, hypotensive, spasmolytic, immunostimulant activity. Shankhapushpi has spasmolytic, hypotensive, sedative, anti inflammatory, antistress, anti anxiety effects. Considering these activities, Brahmi ghrita is studied on experimental models such as Gross behaviour test, Anti depressant test and Anti anxiety test on Swiss Albino mice of either sex. The trial drug showed mild hyperactivity in gross behaviour and dose dependent mild anxiolytic effect in open field behaviour and Elevated plus maze test. Dose dependent variation in effect of Brahmi ghrita is observed in behaviour despair test, as it is mild stimulant at lower dose and depressant at higher dose. It showed significant potentiation of L-DOPA activity in comparison to water control, but the effect was insignificant in comparison to ghrita control. Thus it showed complex nature of pharmacological activity.

Amavata is a very distressing disease among joints disease. It occurs throughout the world in all climates and ethnic groups. Treatment provides symptomatic relief but the underlined pathogenesis is unchecked due to absence of effective drugs. There is no curative treatment found till today. Various mode of treatment modalities are being used in Ayurveda for the management of RA, like Swedana, Virechana, Basti, and internal medicines. Chakradutta has mentioned a complete line of treatment for the management of Amavata. In this study 85 patients were randomly selected in two groups as "A" & "B". Group A was provided Kaishore guggul and Group B provided with fully ayurvedic principles described by Chakradutta in Amavata context. It is revealed that group B had promising results.

Vanga Bhasma is an effective medicine of Ayurveda used for the treatment of various disorders. Its properties are Mehaguna, Medoguna, Balya, Brahana, Chakshushya etc. It has a wide range of therapeutics specially indicated in Sarva Prameha (all types of Urinary disorders). Vanga Shodhana was done by using Kadali kanda Swarasa and Nirgundi mixed Haridra churna. Three medias i.e. Apamarga and Kumari/ Haratala/ Parada are used for Marana process and prepared three different types of Vanga Bhasmas. This study has exercised the option to presuppose Balya property of Vanga Bhasmas to get reflected in simple parameters of structural and functional strength. Thus parameters of growth and general behavior, ability to sustain stress, effect on blood, proteins and ions have been included to asses Balya effect of Vanga Bhasmas on experimental animals and the result was found encourageous. Besides pharmacological activity the toxic potential of the therapy was also examined on above effects on long term and high dose as well as Histopathological changes on albino rats. No significant changes were observed on animal experiments.

Amlapitta is a disease caused due to vitiation of certain attributes of Pitta like the Drava guna (fluidity) and Amla guna (sourness) causing Vidagdhajirna at the initial stages and later causes inflammation and corrosion of the Sleshmadhara kala of the Amashaya i.e. mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum. In modern science it can be correlated that Vidagdhajirna is a type of simple dyspepsia and Amlapitta as gastritis. In this study total 42 patients of Amlapitta were registered, out of which 36 patients were completed the treatment. They were divided into two groups and treated with 1) Chinnodbhavadi Yoga Ghana Vati 500 mg tablets 2 T.I.D for 30 days.2) Medhya Rasayana Compound 500 mg tablets 2 T.I.D for 30 days. The patients were subjected to evaluation of cardinal sign and symptoms of Amlapitta on the basis of scores according to the severity before and after treatment. The results showed that Medhya Rasayana Compound provided very good results in the Roga bala, Agni bala, Deha and Chetasa bala.

Pandu is a disease characterized by pallor of body which strikingly resembles with 'Anaemia' of modern science. Rakta has been considered as a key factor for the Jeevana1, Varna Prasada2, Ayu3 and Mamsa Pushti2 of the body. Many a times it is seen that Rakta gets vitiated by Doshas, mainly by Pitta dosha as Rakta is Pittavargiya and disease like Pandu appear. In Ayurveda, Pandu is considered as a specific disease with its own pathogenesis and treatment.4 Thus an attempt has been made to study the disease Pandu Roga according to Ayurvedic text in the parlance of Iron Deficiency Anaemia. The commonest type of Anaemia that is met with in practice is Iron Deficiency Anaemia. Iron Deficiency anaemia has potential consequences i. e. IDA reduces the work capacity of individual and entire population and brings serious economic consequences and obstacles to national development. It is the only nutrient deficiency which is also significantly prevalent in virtually all industrialized nations. Children, Adult Male and Females suffer the most form of this malady. Large number of these patients could be easily and cheaply treated with single oral iron preparation those are also available in Ayurvedic Classical book. In modern medicine, there is good treatment for Anaemia with considerable result but that is only for acute deficiencies Anaemias. No significant therapy is there for chronic Anaemia which occurs due to metabolic defects. Ayurveda can provide better management in this area. Total 40 patients were registered in the study and were randomly divided in to two groups. In Group A (HM), 2 tab. of Hansa Mandura was given BD with Anupana of Takra and in Group B (PTK) 40 ml of Phalatrikadi Kwatha with Madhu was given twice a day on empty Stomach. The effects of therapy in both groups were assessed by a specially prepared proforma. The result obtained proved that, Group A (HM) showed better results than Group B (PTK). In Group A, 40% patients were completely cured and 60% were found with Marked Improvement, while in Group B only 7.14% patients got Complete Remission and Marked Improvement was observed in 35.71% patients.

Ashmari (urolithiasis) is third most common and distressing affliction of the urinary tract. It have peculiar tendency of recurrence even after surgery. The causes and mechanism of their formation is still obscure but various factors like age, sex, irregular food habit, metabolic disorders, sedentary life style, occupation, hydration status, nutritional deficiency, geography etc. may be responsible for the formation of stone. Detailed description of Ashmari is the specific contribution of Acharya Sushruta and he included it in the "Eight Mahagada". It may be owing to its potentiality to disturb the anatomy and physiology of urinary system. Total 29 patients with classical signs and symptoms with confirmed diagnosis by USG of KUB were treated in three divided groups for 60 days. 10 patients were treated with Tiladi Kshara, 500mg 1 capsule twice daily orally, 10 patients were treated with Varunadi Ghrita, 10gm twice daily orally and 9 patients were treated with Swarjika Kshara (as a control group), 500mg 1 capsule twice daily orally. After completion of trial for 60 days, it was observed that Varunadi Ghrita has provided highly significant relief in pain, burning micturition, dysuria, and haematuria whereas Tiladi Kshara has provided highly significant relief in pain, burning micturion and dysuria and Swarjika Kshara has provided highly significant relief in burning micturition only. After careful observation it can be concluded that Varunadi Ghrita possesses the properties to disintegration and expulsion of stone and can produce better relief in signs and symptoms of Ashmari than Tiladi Kshara.

Urinary tract infection particularly lower urinary tract infection is one such disease, the frequency of which is only second to upper respiratory tract infection, but the incidence and degree of morbidity and mortality is greater than those of upper respiratory tract infections. According to WHO report, puerperal infections (including UTI) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality for mothers in developing nations. During pregnancy and puerperium, the symptomatic infections constitute most number of visits to obstetricians and are the most common bacterial infections during pregnancy. The symptoms of Lower urinary tract infections are nearer to those of Mootrakrichhra but it has not been described among Garbhini & Sootika Vyadhis. So, in the present study Mootrakrichhra has been tried to study w.s.r. to Lower urinary tract infection following the principle given by Acharya Charaka. So, for this study two groups were selected:- one with Brihat Dhatryadi Ghanavati and other with placebo. The improvement was statistically significant in Brihat Dhatryadi Ghanavati as compared to placebo group.

The term Vandhyatva (female infertility) is considered as one of the Vatik disorders among 80 types of Vata vyadhi in Ayurvedic texts. Mahanarayana taila mentioned in Yogatarangini in Vatarogaprakarana (38-47) in the form of Nasya and Uttarbasti, for failure to conceive is supposed to be one of the effective therapy in this field. A clinical study on 33 selected patients of female infertility having anovulatory factor, being diagnosed by TVS (Trans vaginal sonography for 2 consecutive cycles) were divided in to 3 groups, Gr-A-(n=11)for Nasya, Gr-B-(n=12) for Uttarbasti & Gr-C(n=10)-(placebo control)). In Nasya group 8 drops of Mahanarayana taila were administred in each nostril for 7days - 3days break and again for 7days, for two consecutive cycles after cessation of bleeding. In Group-B 5ml of Mahanarayana taila was administered in form of Uttarbasti, for consecutive 2cycles, for 3 days after cessation of bleeding. In Group C 500mg capsule filled with roasted wheat flour powder twice a day was administered for consecutive two cycles with water. In this study, 66.66% ovulation occured in Nasya administered group, 28.57 % ovulation occurred in Uttarabasti administered group and 25% ovulation occurred in control group.