Among the many conditions that affect bones, Avascular Necrosis (AVN) is one in which bone tissue is necrosed (dead) due to the injury or any occlusion in the blood vessels nourishing the bone tissue. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head is the most common type of necrosis affecting the bones. AVN of the femoral head may be classified mainly into 2 types, 1. Post traumatic and 2. Idiopathic. The arteries supplying the femoral head are very narrow and hence are easily liable to injury followed by mere dislocation or a sub capital fracture (near the head) of the femoral neck. This leads to the lack of nourishment to femoral head resulting in necrosis. In the other type, the arteries become occluded for which the reason is not known. It may be asymptomatic in the beginning but, later mild to severe degree of pain is seen along with change in the gait. Management is not an easy task. The objectives of the treatment include the preservation of structure & function and relief of pain. Many surgical procedures like Drilling and Insertion of Bone Grafts, Modified Whitman or Colonna reconstruction and insertion of prosthesis is carried out. All these procedures are cost worthy and prognosis is very poor. An effort was made to evaluate the efficiency of Ayurvedic formulations in the conservative management of AVN of the femoral head. Four patients of Idiopathic AVN of the femoral head were treated with Tikta Dravya Siddha Ksheera Basti, Abha Guggulu and Ajasthi Bhasma. The results were encouraging. The therapy provided marked relief from pain, tenderness, general debility and improvement in the gait. The grade of AVN did not worsen and was maintained. The therapy is cost effective.

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"Are we sitting at the Volcano? Time to wake up." Liver is the hub of wheel of life. Liver is one of the extensively explored areas in Modern Medicine. Among the various diseases affecting it, Hepatitis-B virus infection is the most common cause. The clinical symptoms of Hepatitis-B are similar with those described under Kamala Roga in Ayurveda. Hepatitis-B, because of its potential to cause life-threatening complications like Cirrhosis, Ascites, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, has been kept on the top of National Agenda in Public Health Administration. Hepatitis-B virus infects more than 2 billion people worldwide, out of which 360 millions are chronic carriers annually¹ . It is the 10^th leading cause of mortality and Hepatocellular Carcinoma is the 5^th most common cancer in the world which accounts for 1.2 millions deaths globally every year² . Western Medicine, despite its enormous success does not offer any promising cure and here the role of traditional systems of medicine cannot be overlooked. Ayurveda, the ancient science of life is enriched with ample amount of herbal drugs, which are tested and trusted and subjected to thorough clinical and experimental studies. The drugs have been proved safe and highly efficacious with almost no side effects and have been included in Pub-Med India and National Index of Medicine. A trial has been conducted as part of research program to evaluate the role and efficacy of Triphala in the management of Hepatitis-B. Total 44 cases of Hepatitis-B were registered, out of which 38 cases completed the treatment schedule .The result of treatment were found satisfactory in terms of clinical and biochemical parameters. Moreover, Experimental Study has also been carried to substantiate the above clinical findings and also evaluate the mode of action of trial drug.

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Diet and Digestion are considered among major pillars of life in Ayurveda. Therefore the knowledge about quantity and quality of food with its effects on body becomes essential. Research studies are providing ample evidence of significant health benefits from meatless diet and from increasing consumption of fruits and vegetables. The present study reviews hazardous effects of meat based diet and it's role in causing various diseases. Also it throws light on health benefits of lacto vegetarian diet.

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Vandhyatva has been described by the Acharyas in a very wide sense including Nidana and chikitsa. In curative aspect, so many treatments have been mentioned, but in which type of infertility or on which factor like Ritu, Kshetra, Ambu, Beeja, it will act, is not clearly mentioned. Now-a-days, it is the need of time to evaluate all the things separately. So, an effort has been made to study the effect of Uttarbasti on Cervical factor (Kshetra and Ambu dushti). For clinical trial, total 14 patients were selected in two groups to evaluate the therapy. Easily available and non controversial drugs like Shatavari Ghrita and Goghrita were selected. For desirable therapeutic drug concentration at the site of action, Intra Cervical Uttarbasti as a route of drug administration was selected. For diagnosis of Cervical cause, Cervical Mucus Test and Post Coital Test were done before and after treatment. To evaluate the effect of therapy, Sim's huhner and Moghissi's Cervical Mucus Scoring pattern was adopted. Significant results were found in both the groups, but Shatavari Ghrita showed better results in comparison to Goghrita.

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Thirty three patients of stress induced insomnia (Anidra) have been subjected to evaluation of various psychic traits (Manasabhava) to see their role in etiopathogenasis and management of disease. The 21 patients have been treated with compound herbal formulation consisting of Tagar (Valeriana wallichi), Shankhapushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis), Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri), Musta (Cyprus rotundas), Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), Jatamansi (Nardostachys jatamansi), Munakka (Vitis vinifera), Raktachandana (Pterocarpus santalinus), Parpataka (Fumaria indica), Kutaki (Picrorhiza Kurroa), Dashmula, Amaltas (Cassia fistula). This has been given in the dose of 20 gm twice a day as coarse powder to prepare decoction by 'Chaturthavashesh' method mentioned by Sharangadhara for six weeks in one group.Remaining 12 patients were treated with bufallow milk Shirodhara, half an hour daily in morning for 21 days. These patients have been evaluated for their mental health and degree of stress based on Hamilton's Anxiety Rating Scale, Hamilton's Depression Rating Scale, Brief Psychiatry Rating Scale and Manasabhava Pariksha on Ayurvedic parameters. Tagaradi Kwatha provided highly significant relief (p<0.001) on Sleeplessness (44.06%), SleepTime (40.81%) and Freshness after awakening (42.42%) whereas bufallow milk Shirodhara provided highly significant relief on Sleeplessness (58.33%), Sleep Time (57.14%), Sleep Quality (84.21%) and Freshness after awakening (91.66%). Relief in mental health has been observed in both the groups in the patients of Insomnia.

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Cervical spondylosis is a degenerative disease of cervical spine. It is age related degenerative disorder but the incidence is increasing day by day due to faulty postures while working, sleeping, sitting and faulty dietary habits. According to Ayurveda this disease can be co-related as Asthigata Vata owing to its basic pathogenesis of bony degeneration .In the present study, the effect of Panchatikta Kshira Basti along with Asthishrinkhala Vati and Nirgundi Patrapinda Sweda along with Asthishrinkhala Vati were studied and compared.Both of these groups were also compared to Asthishrinkhala Vati (Shamana) Group. The result of combination proved better. In Neurological manifestation Basti proved better, whereas in symptoms like stiffness, pain, tenderness Patrapinda Sweda showed better results.

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Pratishyaya i.e. Rhinitis means the condition in which continuous nasal discharge is found. It is the disease condition in which Kapha, Pitta and Rakta move along with the Vata in the same direction. Rhinitis is an acute illness having a few days duration accompanied by the inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavities and sometimes the pharynx & larynx also. The present study was done on 40 patients of Pratishyaya divided in four groups, with 10 patients in each group. Group-V was treated with Vyoshadi Vati & Group-R with Rasanjanadi Taila in Nasya form. Group-VR treated with the combination of Vyoshadi Vati orally, Rasanjanadi Taila in Nasya form. Group-C was a control group treated with placebo therapy. After enrolment of the patients, vital signs & symptoms of Pratishyaya such as nasal discharge, headache, nasal blockage etc. were studied before and after the treatment. The result of the study indicate that the 'VR' group bestowed highly significant relief in almost all the signs and symptoms of Pratishyaya-Rhinitis.'V' group and 'R' group also exhibited encouraging results.

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Childhood is a very tender but superb stage of human life. The effect on physical development and mental status of this period has its effect over rest of life. In day to day paediatric practice, paediatricians come across a good number of patients suffering from diseases related to gastrointestinal tract. The common symptoms of gastrointestinal tract disorder include abdominal pain, bowel disturbances (like diarrhoea, constipation), nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, anorexia, chronic flatulence and failure to thrive due to disturbed digestion. Grahani Dosha is a disease entity related with gastrointestinal disorders, to which children are more vulnerable. It gives rise to number of long term as well short term complications from an aemia to failure to thrive, which can hamper the overall growth of child. In the present study 52 patients were registered and randomly divided into two groups. In Group A - Rajanyadi Vati (treated group) and Group B - Bhunimbadi Vati (standard control group) was given for 4 weeks. The etiological factors, sign & symptoms were observed carefully to elucidate the Samprapti (etio pathogenesis) of the disease. The effect of the therapy in both the group was assessed by a specially prepared proforma. In Group A (Rajanyadi Vati) 68.18% of patients were moderately improved, whereas in Group B, Bhunimbadi Vati showed mild improvement in 75% patients.

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The study has been taken to assess the comparative efficacy of Chakramarda & Gaumutra bhavita Chakramarda on Vicharchika, through Pharmaco-therapeutic studies. After the Pharmacognosy of the drug, pharmacological studies like Immunomodulation activity (Effect on cell mediated immunity - CMI & effect on humoral anti body formation - SRBC), anti inflammatory activity and anti histaminic activity have been done , which suggested that weak anti inflammatory and moderate CMI suppression effect may be responsible. Pharmaceutical study with the experiments like Uniformity of tablets, Tablet Hardness, Disintegration time of tablet, Loss on drying, Water & Methanol soluble extractive, Ash value, pH value, Volatile oil, Qualitative Test & TLC of the drugs have been carried out and it suggests thatsame compounds were present in both the drugs. In the Clinical study Gomutrabhavita Chakramarda group has shown better results than other.

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Amavata is seen most commonly in the patients due to their changing dietetic habits, social structure, environment and mental stress and strain. It is one of the commonest diseases among the crippling disorders caused due to the impairment of Agni. '?a' , which is manifested due to the derangement of Agni, gets lodged in Kapha-Sthanas with the help of vitiated Vyana Vayu producing stiffness, swelling, tenderness in the joints, making the person lame. Derangement of Kapha Dosha especially Shleshaka Kapha in Amavata producing joint pains and swelling with tenderness can be co-related with Rheumatoid Arthritis. The management of this disease is merely insufficient in other systems of medicine and patients are continuously looking with a hope towards Ayurveda to overcome this challenge. So, in the present study total 39 patients were registered and were randomly divided into two groups. In group A- Nirgundi Ghana Vati, 2 Vati twice/day was given for 30 days, while in group B- Matra Basti once a day in the format of 3 days interval after every 7 days of total 21 days course followed by Nirgundi Ganavati for 30 days. The Nidana, signs & symptoms, course of the disease were observed carefully to get idea about the Samprapti of the disease. The effects of therapy in both groups were assessed by a specially prepared proforma. The result of the study shows that Matra Basti group provided better relief as compared to Shamana group in the management of the disease.

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The immune system plays a vital role in maintaining the body's overall health and resistance to disease. In children, the immune system is in immature state and thus, they are unable to protect the body from invaders. They are suffered from recurrent infections. These infections are suggestive of a deficiency in the local or systemic host defence. In this clinical study, an Ayurvedic compound "Vayasthadi Yoga" has shown statistically significant improvement in morbidity features - Running nose, Sore throat, Nasal obstruction, Enlarged tonsils, Cough, Dyspnoea, Fever and Diarrhoea.

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Considering the high prevalence of the disease and the need to look for alternative medicine, a randomized open clinical trial on 29 subjects of Tamaka Shwasa (Bronchial Asthma), screened on the basis of clinical findings were allocated to two groups. Group A having 15 cases received the trial drug Shireeshadi Ghanavati (SGV) and 14 cases in Group B received Shwasa Kuthar Rasa (SKR) as a control drug. In SGV group, 13.33% of patients were observed with complete remission and 40% patients got marked improvement, 20% each were observed as improved as well as unchanged. The response was encouraging and left the scope for further study.

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